PERSONAL PROTECTIVE MEASURES

 

SUN - Sunscreen should contain at least SPF 15, higher SPF may be indicated in very fair skinned persons and at altitude.

 

Cream/lotions to exposed areas and reapplied as necessary i.e after swimming, intense sweating.  Lips, tips of ears, dorsum of hands & feet also need protection                                     

 

Sunglasses, wide brimmed hats and keeping arms & legs covered will also reduce risk of sunburn

 

Travelers should avoid unprotected sun exposure between 10 am & 4pm

 

Snow can reflect as much as 85% UVB radiation & combined with high altitude can lead to severe sunburn.

 

Other environmental factors i.e. wind, temperature & humidity can contribute to skin damage by UV radiation.

 

Travelers using doxycycline for malaria chemoprophylaxis should be made aware of risk of increased photosensitivity.

 

 

MOSQUITOES & other biting arthropods

 

Keeping exposed areas covered i.e. long sleeves and long pants and remaining

Indoors during mosquito feeding times are the best ways of preventing being bitten. 

 

Using a good insect repellent containing the active ingredient DEET at a concentration between 20 & 30%   (see  Safety Tips on using  Personal Insect Repellents - Health Canada)

DEET should not be used on infants under 6/12

Children 6/12 to 2 years  - 10% or less – used sparingly & avoid face & hands

Children 2 – 12 years 10% or less , applied no more than 3 times a day & do not apply to face or hands – prolonged use should be avoided

 

Adults – 30% DEET will provide approximately 6.5 hours protection

              15% DEET will provide approximately   5    hours of protection

              10% DEET will provide approximately   3    hours of protection   

                5% DEET will provide approximately   2    hours of protection  

 

Sleep under mosquito netting – net should be tucked under mattress before dusk

 

Netting should  be treated with permethrin – remains effective after laundering

 

Permethrin can be directly applied to clothing – persits on cloth for up to 2 weeks

 

Indoor protection can be achieved by physical  & chemical barriers - windows should be screened

 

Coils containing an insecticide can be burned – usually containing  pyrethroid

Spraying with a pyrethroid  aerosol

 

 

 

 

 

Paulina Pike RN COHN(C)

pikesplace@telus.net